Analysis of Health and Demographic Data of the Rural Population of the Aiyrtau District

Abstract

The task of restructuring the network of medical organizations, taking into account regional characteristics, in order to ensure maximum accessibility of medical care, fell into the national project "Quality and affordable healthcare for every citizen "Healthy Nation".
The purpose of the study: to assess the availability of medical care for the rural population based on the analysis of medical and demographic indicators of the Aiyrtau district.
Methods. In this study, in order to analyze the medical and demographic situation of the rural population of the Aiyrtau district, as well as to determine the accessibility of the healthcare system for the rural population, statistical data, accounting and reporting documentation of medical organizations were studied. Demographic indicators, morbidity rates, the number of medical institutions in the region, the equipment ofmedical organizations, the provision of medical workers, etc. were analyzed.
Results. Medical and demographic indicators do not reach republican values. The overall mortality rate (15.87 per 1000 people) is 1.6 times higher than in the republic (9.53 per 1000 population). The birth rate (12.27 per 1000 population) is 1.9 times lower than the republican level (23.41 per 1000 population). Over the past 5 years (from 2017 to 2021), the birth rate in the region has decreased by 6.4% from 13.11 to 12.27 per 1000 population (Kazakhstan - a decrease of 7.5%). When studying the mortality rates of the population, a similar situation is observed, when in 2021 there was an increase to 15.07, and in 2022 it decreased by 10.6% to 13.46 per 1000 population. The total number of diseases was 23710, the leading position, as well as throughout the country, is occupied by respiratory diseases - 9519 (40.1%), followed by diseases of the circulatory system - 5348 (22.5%), endocrine diseases - 1844 (8%), followed by diseases of the digestive system - 880 (5.1%), neoplasms - 522, infectious and parasitic diseases - 427, injuries, poisoning - 422 (2.7%) and congenital anomalies (malformations), deformities and chromosomal disorders - 188 (1.79%). The healthcare system of the region is represented by 19 hospitals, 63 outpatient organizations (58 outpatient clinics, 5 outpatient clinics, including AIDS center, regional dentistry, etc.), 41 feldsher-obstetric and 403 medical centers. The bed fund of state medical organizations is 3223 beds. The district hospital with a polyclinic and a hospital is equipped with 85 beds for a round-the clock stay and 31 beds for a day stay, it has 10 medical outpatient clinics, 3 feldsher-obstetric stations, 46 medical stations.
Conclusions. The results of the study show that the incidence among the rural population remains high. The main problems of the rural healthcare system, which significantly affect the availability of medical care for the rural population, are undeveloped infrastructure, under equipped medical organizations, which in turn leads to low detection of pathology, late diagnosis and treatment. There is also a shortage of personnel, especially a shortage of narrow specialists, which leads to low availability of specialized medical care.